12Glossary
Precision is
a feature.
Security language is loose in a way that flatters vendors. These definitions are the ones the code actually implements.
Blast radius
How much of your stack one incident can reach
Not the number of affected users globally. The set of components you declared that sit on the incident's attack path, plus the neighbours those components can reach. It is a graph property, which is why the product draws one.
See also: Exposure · Cascade
Breach
Confirmed unauthorised access to data or systems
Reserved for incidents where a party has stated that access occurred. Ferroscope never upgrades an intersection to a breach. The gap between the two words is the product's entire ethical position.
Cascade
A deterministic twelve-frame narrative
Primary surface, then same-category siblings, then peak, then containment. It is not a physics model. It is a communication device for the word “lateral”.
See also: Blast radius
Confidence
How much of an incident's surface you actually run
Computed as 0.55 + 0.45 × (present ÷ affected). It is a coverage fraction, not a probability. Four of four surfaces present scores 1.0; one of four scores 0.66.
See also: Intersection
Control plane
The layer that can push code to your servers
Railway, Zeabur, Onamae, TiDB Cloud. If an attacker owns the control plane, they own every host beneath it — which is why hosting incidents have disproportionate blast radii.
See also: Supply chain
Deterministic
Same input, same output, byte for byte
No randomness at request time. Graph jitter comes from an FNV-1a hash of the node id. The seed exists so screenshots and tests agree with production.
Efficiency
Risk points removed per minute
The planner's ranking key. A three-minute certificate refresh that removes 12 points scores 4.0/min; a ninety-minute rebuild that removes 20 scores 0.22/min. The first one wins, and that ordering is the product.
See also: Residual risk
Exposure
Intersection between a threat and something you declared
Exposure is not compromise. A laptop trusts the eMudhra root — that is exposure. Nobody has used the corresponding key against that laptop — that is the absence of compromise. Ferroscope only ever claims the first.
See also: Intersection · Breach
Hygiene
Controls that reduce impact across many incidents
2FA, password manager, automatic updates. They do not prevent a specific incident; they lower the weight of whole vector classes. That is why they are modelled separately from remediation actions.
Intermediate
A CA certificate signed by a root
The eMudhra incident involved eight intermediates with trivially weak P-384 private keys. Browsers blocked those intermediates; the parent root stayed in several bundles.
See also: Root
Intersection
The matcher firing on a declared component
An incident matches when at least one of its affected stack ids is present in your profile, or when it is region-scoped and your region matches. Everything else is context.
See also: Near miss · Confidence
Mitigation
Impact removed by hygiene you already have
2FA, a password manager, and automatic updates each subtract from an incident's raw weight, capped at 80%. The cap exists because partial controls are not a force field.
See also: Residual risk
Near miss
One component away from an intersection
An incident where you have zero affected items but two or fewer missing ones. The graph shows these at lower opacity because they are the honest answer to “what would installing this cost me?”.
See also: Intersection
Residual risk
What remains after completed actions
Reductions compound multiplicatively with a 0.72 haircut per action, so residual risk approaches zero but the arithmetic never goes negative. The planner shows baseline and residual side by side for exactly this reason.
See also: Efficiency
Root
A self-signed CA certificate everything else chains to
If a root is compromised, every certificate beneath it can be forged. Browser vendors can block the intermediate, but a non-browser store that still trusts the root remains exposed.
See also: Trust store · Intermediate
Seed 2718
The dataset's identity, not a random number
e ≈ 2.718, π ≈ 3.14. The seed is a constant in the repository, printed in the footer, and returned by /api/healthz so a deployment can be checked against the dataset it claims to serve.
Supply chain
A compromise that arrives through a trusted channel
An updater, a registry, a CI workflow, a vendor's signing pipeline. The victim does nothing wrong; the channel does. This is why signature verification is necessary but insufficient.
See also: Control plane
Trust store
The list of roots a runtime will accept
Windows, Firefox, Chrome, Java, Node, and Python each keep their own. Updating one does not update the others. certifi, Python's bundle, is vendored and follows PyPI, not Windows Update.
See also: Root · Intermediate